§1732. Definitions

As used in this chapter:

(1) Administrator

The term "Administrator" means the Administrator of the Agency for International Development, unless otherwise specified in this chapter.

(2) Agricultural commodity

The term "agricultural commodity", unless otherwise provided for in this chapter, includes any agricultural commodity or the products thereof produced in the United States, including wood and processed wood products, fish, and livestock as well as value-added, fortified, or high-value agricultural products. Effective beginning on October 1, 1991, for purposes of subchapter III, a product of an agricultural commodity shall not be considered to be produced in the United States if it contains any ingredient that is not produced in the United States, if that ingredient is produced and is commercially available in the United States at fair and reasonable prices.

(3) Appropriate committee of Congress

The term "appropriate committee of Congress" means-

(A) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate;

(B) the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives; and

(C) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives.

(4) Cooperative

The term "cooperative" means a private sector organization whose members own and control the organization and share in its services and its profits and that provides business services and outreach in cooperative development for its membership.

(5) Developing country

The term "developing country" means a country that has a shortage of foreign exchange earnings and has difficulty meeting all of its food needs through commercial channels.

(6) Food security

The term "food security" means access by all people at all times to sufficient food and nutrition for a healthy and productive life.

(7) Nongovernmental organization

The term "nongovernmental organization" means an organization that works at the local level to solve development problems in a foreign country in which the organization is located, except that the term does not include an organization that is primarily an agency or instrumentality of the government of the foreign country.

(8) Private voluntary organization

The term "private voluntary organization" means a not-for-profit, nongovernmental organization (in the case of a United States organization, an organization that is exempt from Federal income taxes under section 501(c)(3) of title 26) that receives funds from private sources, voluntary contributions of money, staff time, or in-kind support from the public, and that is engaged in or is planning to engage in voluntary, charitable, or development assistance activities (other than religious activities).

(9) Secretary

The term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Agriculture, unless otherwise specified in this chapter.

(July 10, 1954, ch. 469, title IV, §402, as added Pub. L. 86–341, title I, §14, Sept. 21, 1959, 73 Stat. 610 ; amended Pub. L. 87–703, title II, §201(2), Sept. 27, 1962, 76 Stat. 611 ; Pub. L. 89–808, §2(E), Nov. 11, 1966, 80 Stat. 1536 ; Pub. L. 92–42, July 1, 1971, 85 Stat. 99 ; Pub. L. 95–113, title XII, §1205, Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 956 ; Pub. L. 96–72, §24, Sept. 29, 1979, 93 Stat. 536 ; Pub. L. 97–98, title XII, §1213, Dec. 22, 1981, 95 Stat. 1281 ; Pub. L. 98–623, title IV, §405(b), Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3409 ; Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, §1512, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3645 ; Pub. L. 104–127, title II, §211(b), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 955 ; Pub. L. 110–246, title III, §3015, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1826 .)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2008-Pars. (3) to (9). Pub. L. 110–246 added par. (3) and redesignated former pars. (3) to (8) as (4) to (9), respectively.

1996-Par. (6). Pub. L. 104–127 added par. (6) and struck out heading and text of former par. (6). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "The term 'indigenous nongovernmental organization' means an organization that operates under the laws of the recipient country, or that has its principal place of activity in such country, and that works at the local level to solve development problems in the foreign country in which it is located, except that the term does not include an organization that is primarily an agent or instrumentality of the foreign government."

1990-Pub. L. 101–624 amended section generally, substituting present provisions for provisions defining agricultural commodity.

1984-Pub. L. 98–623 inserted "(including fish, without regard to whether such fish are harvested in aquacultural operations)" and struck out provision that subject to the availability of appropriations therefor, any domestically produced fishery product could be made available under this chapter.

1981-Pub. L. 97–98 substituted "wine, beer, distilled spirits, or other alcoholic beverage" for "wine or beer".

1979-Pub. L. 96–72 inserted reference to beer.

1977-Pub. L. 95–113 required that in allocation of funds made available under subchapter II of this chapter priority be given to financing the sale of food and fiber commodities.

1971-Pub. L. 92–42 inserted sentence that proviso excluding alcoholic beverages from term "agricultural commodity" shall not be construed as prohibiting domestic wine industry from participating in market development activities for expansion of export sales of domestic agricultural commodities.

1966-Pub. L. 89–808 substituted definition of agricultural commodity and provisions as to availability of fishery products for former provisions respecting agreements for delivery of surplus agricultural commodities, period, and security for payments in relation to long-term supply contracts, now covered by subchapter II of this chapter. See section 1707 of this title.

1962-Pub. L. 87–703 authorized executive agreements with financial institutions acting in behalf of friendly nations and administrative sales agreements with foreign and United States private trade with provision for security for payments.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, see section 4(b) of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title.

Effective Date of 1990 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 101–624 effective Jan. 1, 1991, see section 1513 of Pub. L. 101–624, set out as a note under section 1691 of this title.

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 98–623 to be considered as having taken effect before Sept. 8, 1982, for purposes of section 135 of Pub. L. 97–253 (set out as a note under section 612c of this title), see section 405(d) of Pub. L. 98–623, set out as a note under section 1707a of this title.

Effective Date of 1981 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–98 effective Dec. 22, 1981, see section 1801 of Pub. L. 97–98, set out as an Effective Date note under section 4301 of this title.

Effective Date of 1977 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 95–113 effective Oct. 1, 1977, see section 1901 of Pub. L. 95–113, set out as a note under section 1307 of this title.

Effective Date of 1966 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 89–808 effective Jan. 1, 1967, see section 5 of Pub. L. 89–808, set out as a note under section 1691 of this title.